Legal Notice and Methodology

1. Informational nature

No content takes into account the financial situation, objectives or risk tolerance of any particular person. Investment decisions are always the responsibility of whoever takes them.

BullValue is a financial analysis and education tool. It does not provide investment services or investment advice, and nothing on this site is advice, a personal recommendation or an invitation to buy, sell or hold financial instruments. Investing involves risk, including the total loss of capital. Past performance is not a reliable indicator of future results.

2. Data sources

Data may contain errors, omissions or delays. Always check the original source before deciding.

• Financial statements: documents companies file with authorities (for example, the SEC in the United States) processed by financial-data providers, with the corrections we make to standardise line items.
• Quotes: market-data providers, which may be delayed; the date and time of the price appear next to the values that depend on it.
• Analyst estimates: aggregated from third parties. They are third-party opinions, not BullValue's.
• Rates and macro indicators: public sources (for example, the 10-year US Treasury rate).

3. Calculators and models

The models (simple DCF, advanced model, financials model) compute the value that results from the assumptions used. The result is called the scenario's estimated value and is the mathematical consequence of those assumptions; it is not a forecast, a price target or a recommendation.

Pre-filled assumptions come from the company's own historical data and, where indicated, from third-party analyst estimates; they do not reflect a BullValue opinion about the company's future. You can and should change them. The result is highly sensitive to the discount rate (WACC) and terminal growth: always look at the sensitivity analysis and the scenarios (Bear, Base, Bull).

Main methods: present value of projected free cash flows and terminal value (Gordon perpetual growth and/or exit multiple); cost of equity by CAPM; for banks and insurers, residual income on equity.

4. Update frequency

Prices and price-dependent indicators are updated during the trading day (possibly delayed); fundamentals are updated daily after results are published; analyst estimates periodically. Each page shows the data date where relevant.

5. Artificial intelligence

AI Analyst texts, summaries and news are generated or assisted by AI and labelled as such. They may contain errors. News items cite their sources and may have editorial review, stated on the page itself.

6. Interests and independence

The authors, collaborators and BullValue may hold, or come to hold, positions in the financial instruments mentioned and may buy or sell them at any time. Content generated automatically by the platform does not result from an individual analyst's analysis.

Content published on other channels (videos, social media, communities) carries its own disclosure of interests, including paid partnerships and affiliate links.

7. Contact

Corrections, questions or content reports: suporte@thebullvalue.com.